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Iyemọja (often spelled Yemọja or Yemaya in the diaspora) is one of the most popular Òrìṣà in Yoruba spirituality. She is regarded as the goddess of rivers, seas, and oceans, as well as the divine mother of all Òrìṣà. Known as a nurturing and protective figure, Iyemọja embodies motherhood, fertility, and emotional depth.
Her name derives from “Ìyá-omo-eja” meaning “Mother of fish children”, reflecting her connection with water, life, and abundance. Among the Yoruba and their descendants across the world, Iyemọja is revered as a motherly presence who provides comfort, healing, and guidance while also possessing the power to discipline and correct.
Yoruba Belief about Iyemọja
The Yoruba people believe Iyemọja lives in large rivers and the ocean, representing the vastness of motherhood and the mysteries of life. She is seen as the origin of fertility, blessing women with children and families with abundance.
As the great mother, Iyemọja embodies care and compassion but also demands respect. When angered, her waves are said to cause storms, showing her dual nature as both nurturing and fearsome. Devotees turn to her for healing, emotional balance, fertility, and protection from danger.
Characteristics and Functions of Iyemọja
• Motherhood and Fertility:
Patroness of mothers, women, and childbirth.
• Ocean and Water:
Symbolizes depth, vastness, and the mysteries of life.
• Protection and Healing:
Provides emotional, spiritual, and physical protection.
• Discipline and Justice:
Though gentle, she can be stern, ensuring respect and moral discipline.
• Abundance and Nurture:
Associated with wealth, growth, and family prosperity.
Sacred Symbols and Offerings
Iyemọja’s worship is filled with symbols that reflect water, motherhood, and beauty:
• Sacred Objects:
Seashells, water vessels, and silver ornaments.
• Animals:
Fish and ducks are associated with her.
• Foods:
Offerings often include water, coconuts, molasses, and white foods.
• Shrines:
Built near rivers, lakes, and coastal areas, especially sacred waters dedicated to her.
Iyemọja in Worship and Culture
Iyemọja is honored through festivals, songs, and river rituals, where offerings are floated on water to seek her blessings. Among the Yoruba, her worship is deeply tied to family, marriage, and motherhood.
The Iyemọja Festival in Abeokuta and other river-centered ceremonies highlight her role as a unifying deity in Yoruba society. Across the African diaspora, particularly in Cuba, Brazil, and the Caribbean, Yemaya is celebrated as a powerful goddess of the sea, often depicted as a majestic mother dressed in blue and white, surrounded by water.
Her worship emphasizes not only nurturing love but also discipline, reminding devotees that true motherhood requires both compassion and firmness.
Oríkì Iyemọja (Praise Poetry of Iyemọja)
This section is dedicated mainly to Oríkì Iyemọja, which includes poetic praises and chants honoring her as the divine mother of the sea.
Iyemoja ogun
Agba obinrin okere rere
Iyemoja toda nile aye o
Iyemoja toni bu
Agba binrin okere
Iyemoja to da nile aye o
Iyemoja okun
Omi leye
O je miti je pepeye
Iyemoja toni bu
Iya ewe pemi
Agba obinrin okere
Iyemoja to da nile aye o
Iyemoja o kun
Faniyangile abori kugu
Adia fun aboyo
O bomi sekuse
Ebo ni won ni ko wa se
Onibode iju
Olayori o
Omi o
Eepe omi o !
Eepa omi o!
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